Diabetic Neuropathy is a disease of the Nerves.
The nerve damage that is caused by Diabetes is known as Diabetic Neuropathy.
The high levels of glucose in the blood, damages the nerve tissues throughout the Body. It is more common in legs and feet.
There is numbness, tingling, pain, burning, or lack of sensation in the feet and legs.
It causes severe pain in the body. A person becomes so sensitive that he can not even bear the weight of a bed sheet on him.
It may cause pain and lack of sensation in the nerves, and Nerve damage also.
Types of Diabetic Neuropathy : 1. Sensory Neuropathy : It is the damage of the sensory nerves that communicates between the Brain and the Body. They provide sensation like changes in temperature, Feel of Touch , Pain and other sensations in the Body.
Symptoms of Sensory Neuropathy : Severe Body Pains
Numbness in the Extremities
Loss of Balance and Coordination
Tingling sensation in the Nerves
A person is not able to feel Pain and changes in temperature
2. Peripheral Neuropathy : It is the damage of Nerves in the Arms, Legs and Extremities.
Symptoms of Peripheral Neuropathy : Leg Cramps
Numbness in the Extremities
Shooting pain in the Legs, Arms, Ankles and toes
A person may loss of balance when walking
Deformed or Hammertoes
Bone infections and ulcers on Feet
The affected areas become more sensitive
If not detected at time, it may cause loss of limbs
3. Autonomic Neuropathy : The network of Autonomic Nerves is widely spread in the Eyes, Lungs, Heart, Digestive Tract ( Stomach, Intestines ), Urinary Tract ( Bladder ), Sweat Glands and Sex Organs. Therefore, the damage of Autonomic Nerves will affect the functioning of all the mentioned organs.
Symptoms of Autonomic Neuropathy : Nausea
Anorexia
Vomiting
Diarrhea
Shakiness
Palpitation
Hypoglycemia
Constipation
Gastroparesis
Photophobia
Bloated Abdomen
Urinary Incontinence
Urinary Tract Infection
Feeling of Lightheaded
Difficulty in swallowing Foods
Body fails to regulate Blood Pressure and Body Temperature
Sexual problems like Erectile Dysfunction in males and Vaginal dryness in females
4. Lumbosacral Plexus Neuropathy : The damage of Nerves present in Thighs, Hips and Legs. It is more common in people with type 2 Diabetes and older age.
Symptoms of Lumbosacral Plexus Neuropathy: Loss of Body weight
Sharp pain in Thighs, Hips and Legs
Difficulty in sitting and to stand after sitting
5. Mononeuropathy or Focal Neuropathy : These nerves are widely spread in Face, Eyes, Ears, Torso ( Chest, Abdomen, Lower Back, Pelvic area ), Thighs, Legs and Feet. Damage of these nerves affect all the mentioned organs. It may be associated with
Carpel Tunnel Syndrome .
Symptoms of Mononeuropathy or Focal Neuropathy : Pain in the Torso
Bell's Palsy : Paralysis of one side Facial Muscles
Eye Problems like Double Vision and difficulty when to focus some object, Pain in the Eyes
6. Motor Neuropathy : It is the damage of the Nerves that control body movements. It causes wasting of muscles, as there is less movement in the Body.
Causes of Diabetic NeuropathyThe actual cause of Diabetic Neuropathy is damage of nerve fibers and blood vessels due to high levels of Glucose in the Blood. The blood vessels carry oxygen and other nutrients to the Nerves. But once they get damaged, the nerves do not get their fuel and begins to die. As a result, normal functioning of the Nerves get affected and it weakens the communication between the Nerves. It is not clear yet, that why high levels of glucose damages the nerve fibers. The other possible causes that give rise to nerve damage are given below.
Smoking
Genetics
Drug Abuse
Poor Diet
Family History
High Blood sugar
Damage to the Nerves
Carpal tunnel syndrome
Continues periods of Nerve Inflammation
If not treated properly, Diabetic Neuropathy may causeUlcers
Infections
Bone deformity
Digestive Problems
Sexual Dysfunction
Low Blood Pressure
Urinary Incontinence
Urinary Tract infections
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